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 TitleDate AddedCompany
whitepaper Performance Analysis of a Multicast Protocol for Wireless Environments0000-00-00 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
  This paper presents a performance study, using both analytical modeling and simulation techniques, of a new end-to-end reliable multicast protocol for use in environments with wireless access. The proposed protocol, known as the Reliable Mobile Multicast protocol (RM2), divides a multicast tree into sub-trees where subcasting is applied within these relatively smaller regions using a hierarchical tree of Retransmission Servers (RSs). RM2 is receiver oriented [Pingali, 94] in that the transmitter does not need to know its receivers, hence offering better scalability. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used to manage group membership whereas the IETF's Mobile IP offers support to user mobility through a care-of address (temporary IP address).

Tags: Network Technologies, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper Establishing a Trade-Off Between Unicast and Multicast Retransmission Modes for Reliable Multicast Protocols0000-00-00 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
  The conventional approach to reliable multicast in computer networks relies on the retransmission on demand of lost packets. Existing multicast protocols adopt a static packet retransmission scheme (unicast or multicast) to retransmit these packets, often leading to performance loss due to wasting bandwidth resources. This is worse if it consider the limited bandwidth resources wireless interfaces currently offer. Therefore, careful continuous monitoring and control is fundamental in these wireless mobile environments. This paper looks at solutions to the retransmission problem while taking into consideration network topology and the number of fixed and mobile users. Precise conditions and rules for packet retransmission are set taking into account the dynamics of the network state.

Tags: Network Technologies, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper A Reliable Subcasting Protocol for Wireless Environments0000-00-00 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
  This paper presents an end-to-end reliable multicast protocol for use in environments with wireless access. It divides a multicast tree into sub-trees where subcasting within these smaller regions is applied using a tree of Retransmission Servers (RSs). RM2 is receiver oriented in that the transmitter does not need to know its receivers, hence offering better scalability. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used manage group membership whereas the IETF's Mobile IP offers support to user mobility and a care-of address (temporary IP address). Each RS has a retransmission subcast address shared by its members and which may be dynamically configured using IETF's MADCAP (Multicast Address Dynamic Client Allocation Protocol).

Tags: Network Technologies, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper A Caching Mechanism to Improve the Reliability of Multicasting in Multihop MANET0000-00-00 Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
  Reliable multicasting takes help of re-transmissions from the source, to recover lost packets .This imposes a huge overhead on the bandwidth-constrained ad hoc network. In On Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP), the multicast members send Join Replies to the periodic Join Queries initiated by the source, to maintain their membership. This paper presents a mechanism to selectively cache the packets with the Forwarding Group members. This effectively distributes the retransmission responsibility among intermediate nodes. Acknowledgments are sent in the form of bitmaps that are piggybacked on the Join Reply packets. Through this peripheral buffer based approach it is able to provide reliable multicast without any increase in control overhead.

Tags: Network Technologies, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper High-Throughput Multicast Routing Metrics in Wireless Mesh Networks0000-00-00 Purdue University
  The stationary nature of nodes in a mesh network has shifted the main design goal of routing protocols from maintaining connectivity between source and destination nodes to finding high-throughput paths between them. Lately, numerous link-quality based routing metrics have been proposed for choosing high-throughput paths for unicast protocols. This paper studies routing metrics for high-throughput tree or mesh construction in multicast protocols. The paper shows that there is a fundamental difference between unicast and multicast routing in how data packets are transmitted at the link layer, and accordingly there is a difference in how the routing metrics for each of these primitives are designed.

Tags: Network Technologies, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper Adaptive Two-Tier Energy-Efficient Multicasting in Mobile and Wireless Ad Hoc Networks0000-00-00 Arizona State University
  This paper studies the problem of energy-efficient multicasting in mobile and wireless ad hoc networks. To deal with node mobility, the paper presents a two-tier multicasting model which consists of mobile nodes and stationary nodes. Mobile nodes achieve multicasting through the closest stationary node at lower tier. Stationary nodes route the messages via a multicast tree at higher tier. The paper finds that the energy-efficiency of the multicast tree at higher tier is only dependent upon the aggregate traffic at the stationary nodes. In other words, both node mobility at lower tier and variance of group membership are mapped as dynamic Multicast Traffic Distribution (MTD) at higher tier.

Tags: Software Development Tools, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper Scalable Multicasting in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks0000-00-00 University of California
  Many potential applications of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) involve group communications among the nodes. Multicasting is an useful operation that facilitates group communications. Efficient and scalable multicast routing in MANETs is a difficult issue. In addition to the conventional multicast routing algorithms, recent protocols have adopted the following new approaches: overlays, backbone-based, and stateless. This paper studies these approaches from the protocol state management point of view, and compare their scalability behaviors.

Tags: Network Management, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper Efficient Overlay Multicast for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks0000-00-00 University of California
  Overlay multicast protocol builds a virtual mesh spanning all member nodes of a multicast group. It employs standard unicast routing and forwarding to fulfill multicast functionality. The advantages of this approach are robustness and low overhead. However, efficiency is an issue since the generated multicast trees are normally not optimized in terms of total link cost and data delivery delay. This paper proposes an efficient overlay multicast protocol to tackle this problem in MANET environment. The virtual topology gradually adapts to the changes in underlying network topology in a fully distributed manner. A novel Source-Based Steiner tree algorithm is proposed for constructing the multicast tree.

Tags: Software Development Tools, Mobile and Wireless		   
whitepaper IP Multicast Network Management Overview2007-08-01 Cisco Systems
  The Cisco IP Next-Generation Network (IP NGN) architecture simplifies the development and deployment of advanced services while enabling service providers to lower capital and operational expenditures. The inherent efficiencies of a converged network reduce administrative overhead, and the architecture facilitates the integration of intelligence and instrumentation for efficient management. This paper provides an overview of the instrumentation, tools, and solutions that enable the management of Cisco IP multicast deployments.   
whitepaper Multicast With Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs) and Lightweight Access Points (LAPs) Configuration Example2007-07-31 Cisco Systems
  This paper provides a configuration example on how to configure Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs) and Lightweight Access Points (LAPs) for multicasting and communication with a multicast enabled wired network. Before Cisco Unified Wireless Network Software Release 3.2, when IP multicast was enabled, the controller delivered multicast packets to wireless LAN (WLAN) clients by making copies of the multicast packets, then forwarded the packets through a unicast Lightweight Access Point Protocol (LWAPP) tunnel to each access point (AP) connected to the controller. Each multicast frame received by the controller from a VLAN on the first hop router was copied and sent over the LWAPP tunnel to each of the APs connected to it.

Tags: Network Technologies