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 TitleDate AddedCompany
whitepaper Advanced OTDR Analysis - Has Technology Made it a Lost Art?2008-04-23 Fluke Networks
  Is the ability to manually set up tests and interpret Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) traces becoming a lost art, due to embedded processors and sophisticated software? This article discusses some of the advanced OTDR techniques that expert technicians use to perform during testing.

Similar to a digital photographer's film camera experience, an understanding of the knowledge and skills used for manual OTDR testing can enhance a technician's fiber testing when using the latest OTDR with automatic capabilities.

Tags: Monitoring Systems, Bandwidth Issues, Network Administration		   
whitepaper Free On-Demand Webcast: How to Perform Advanced Fiber Troubleshooting Using an OTDR2008-04-01 Fluke Networks
  An Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) is an important instrument used by organizations to certify the performance of new fiber links and detect problems with existing fiber links.

New technology has enabled a wide range of automatic capability in today's OTDRs. However, understanding OTDR traces and how to use manual settings is still beneficial for all testing. Often, technicians are limited by their inability to correctly interpret OTDR traces without the aid of the instrument's software. View this Webcast from Fluke Networks to understand how an OTDR works, how specifications affect its performance, and how to properly set it up to help users experience maximum performance.

Tags: Monitoring Systems, Network Design, Diagnostics and Analysis, Infrastructure Management		   
whitepaper Free On-Demand Webcast: Choosing an OTDR for your Enterprise Fiber Optic Testing2008-02-01 Fluke Networks
  Whether you're a Network Engineer responsible for preparing your network for new applications, or a Cabling Contractor certifying new fiber links, an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) can be a powerful tool for you. "How to Choose an OTDR for Enterprise Fiber Testing" is the first available webcast in a series of five on-demand webcasts from Fluke Networks. This short webcast will give you a comprehensive understanding of OTDRs, various use models, and what is important to consider when choosing the right OTDR for your organization.

Tags: Monitoring Systems, Network Design, Fibre, Infrastructure Management, Service Level Management		   
whitepaper Optical Burst Switching (OBS): A New Area in Optical Networking Research2008-01-01 State University of New York
  This paper gives an introduction to optical burst switching (OBS) and compares it with other existing optical switching paradigms. Basic burst assembly algorithms and their effect on assembled burst traffic characteristics are described first. Then a brief review of the early work on burst transmission is provided followed by the description of a prevailing protocol for OBS networks called Just-Enough-Time (JET). Algorithms used at an OBS core node for burst scheduling as well as contention resolution strategies are presented next. Tradeoffs between their performance and implementation complexities are discussed. Recent work on QoS support, IP/WDM multicast, TCP performance in OBS networks and Labelled OBS is also described, and several open issues are mentioned.

Tags: Switching		   
whitepaper Insecurity in ATM-Based Passive Optical Networks2008-01-01 University of California
  This paper considers the security of an ITU standard for ATM-based passive optical networks. First, it shows that the standard's encryption algorithm, called churning, has an effective 8-bit key length and thus is trivial to break with exhaustive keysearch. Second, it shows that the authentication mechanisms have significant weaknesses. The conclusion is that these measures should not be relied upon to provide security.

Tags: ATM		   
whitepaper Threshold-Based Burst Assembly Policies for QoS Support in Optical Burst-Switched Networks2008-01-01 University of Texas
  This paper proposes a threshold-based burst assembly scheme in conjunction with a burst segmentation policy to provide QoS in Optical Burst Switched (OBS) networks. Bursts are assembled at the network edge by collecting packets that have the same QoS requirements. Once the number of packets in a burst reaches a threshold value, the burst is sent into the network. The paper investigates various burst assembly strategies which differentiate bursts by utilizing different threshold values or assigning different burst priorities to bursts that contain packets with differing QoS requirements. The primary objective of this work is to find the optimal threshold values for various classes of bursts.

Tags: Switching, Quality of Service		   
whitepaper Light Trails: A Sub-Wavelength Solution for Optical Networking2008-01-01 Iowa State University
  All-optical networks are able to transport data from source to destination entirely in the optical domain. This is a departure from current optical networks that rely on Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO) conversion at each intermediate connection node to route data properly. The opacity inherent in traditional networks is costly in terms of the limiting bandwidth and increasing switching complexity. MPLS, OBS and OPS have been proposed as solutions to realizing an all-optical network. MPLS and OBS have the advantages of creating all-optical connections between nodes, but don't allow intermediate nodes to also use the wavelength. Additionally, optical switches are constantly being reconfigured to accommodate new connections. OPS can make switching decisions in the optical domain, but the technology is immature.

Tags: DWDM		   
whitepaper Light-Trail Testbed for Metro Optical Networks2008-01-01 Iowa State University
  Telecommunication networks have rapidly added staggering amounts of capacity to their long haul networks at low costs per bit using DWDM technologies. Concurrently, there has been a wave of new access technologies that are driving customers to demand high-speed, robust and customized data services. These dynamics have led to what is called the "Metro gap" - the inability to leverage the backbone capacity to create and distribute revenue generating services. This paper presents work in progress at Iowa State Universities' High Speed Systems Engineering laboratory to address the metro gap problem. As an initial step towards solving this problem, the paper demonstrates a streaming media application implemented utilizing Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) on a 3 Gbps optical fiber network employing light-trail technology.   
whitepaper Preconfiguring IP-Over-Optical Networks to Handle Router Failures and Unpredictable Traffic2007-09-08 Lucent Technologies
  This paper considers the realization of traffic-oblivious routing in IP-over-Optical networks where routers are interconnected over a switched optical backbone. The traffic-oblivious routing the paper considers is a scheme where incoming traffic is first distributed in a preset manner to a set of intermediate nodes. The traffic is then routed from the intermediate nodes to the final destination. This splitting of the routing into two phases simplifies network configuration significantly. In implementing this scheme, the first and second phase paths are realized at the optical layer with router packet grooming at a single intermediate node only.

Tags: Switching		   
whitepaper Buy-at-Bulk Network Design With Protection2007-08-07 Columbia University
  This paper considers approximation algorithms for buy-at-bulk network design, with the additional constraint that demand pairs be protected against edge or node failures in the network. In practice, the most popular model used in high speed telecommunication networks for protection against failures, is the so-called 1+1 model. In this model, two edge or node-disjoint paths are provisioned for each demand pair. The paper obtains the first non-trivial approximation algorithms for buy-at-bulk network design in the 1+1 model for both edge and node-disjoint protection requirements. The results are for the single-cable cost model, which is prevalent in optical networks. More specifically, the paper presents a constant-factor approximation for the single-sink case, and an O(log3 n) approximation for the multi-commodity case.

Tags: Network Design