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 TitleDate AddedCompany
whitepaper Optical Burst Switching (OBS): A New Area in Optical Networking Research2008-01-01 State University of New York
  This paper gives an introduction to optical burst switching (OBS) and compares it with other existing optical switching paradigms. Basic burst assembly algorithms and their effect on assembled burst traffic characteristics are described first. Then a brief review of the early work on burst transmission is provided followed by the description of a prevailing protocol for OBS networks called Just-Enough-Time (JET). Algorithms used at an OBS core node for burst scheduling as well as contention resolution strategies are presented next. Tradeoffs between their performance and implementation complexities are discussed. Recent work on QoS support, IP/WDM multicast, TCP performance in OBS networks and Labelled OBS is also described, and several open issues are mentioned.

Tags: Switching		   
whitepaper Threshold-Based Burst Assembly Policies for QoS Support in Optical Burst-Switched Networks2008-01-01 University of Texas
  This paper proposes a threshold-based burst assembly scheme in conjunction with a burst segmentation policy to provide QoS in Optical Burst Switched (OBS) networks. Bursts are assembled at the network edge by collecting packets that have the same QoS requirements. Once the number of packets in a burst reaches a threshold value, the burst is sent into the network. The paper investigates various burst assembly strategies which differentiate bursts by utilizing different threshold values or assigning different burst priorities to bursts that contain packets with differing QoS requirements. The primary objective of this work is to find the optimal threshold values for various classes of bursts.

Tags: Switching, Quality of Service		   
whitepaper Insecurity in ATM-Based Passive Optical Networks2008-01-01 University of California
  This paper considers the security of an ITU standard for ATM-based passive optical networks. First, it shows that the standard's encryption algorithm, called churning, has an effective 8-bit key length and thus is trivial to break with exhaustive keysearch. Second, it shows that the authentication mechanisms have significant weaknesses. The conclusion is that these measures should not be relied upon to provide security.

Tags: ATM		   
whitepaper Light-Trail Testbed for Metro Optical Networks2008-01-01 Iowa State University
  Telecommunication networks have rapidly added staggering amounts of capacity to their long haul networks at low costs per bit using DWDM technologies. Concurrently, there has been a wave of new access technologies that are driving customers to demand high-speed, robust and customized data services. These dynamics have led to what is called the "Metro gap" - the inability to leverage the backbone capacity to create and distribute revenue generating services. This paper presents work in progress at Iowa State Universities' High Speed Systems Engineering laboratory to address the metro gap problem. As an initial step towards solving this problem, the paper demonstrates a streaming media application implemented utilizing Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) on a 3 Gbps optical fiber network employing light-trail technology.   
whitepaper Light Trails: A Sub-Wavelength Solution for Optical Networking2008-01-01 Iowa State University
  All-optical networks are able to transport data from source to destination entirely in the optical domain. This is a departure from current optical networks that rely on Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO) conversion at each intermediate connection node to route data properly. The opacity inherent in traditional networks is costly in terms of the limiting bandwidth and increasing switching complexity. MPLS, OBS and OPS have been proposed as solutions to realizing an all-optical network. MPLS and OBS have the advantages of creating all-optical connections between nodes, but don't allow intermediate nodes to also use the wavelength. Additionally, optical switches are constantly being reconfigured to accommodate new connections. OPS can make switching decisions in the optical domain, but the technology is immature.

Tags: DWDM		   
whitepaper Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Optical Buffers2008-01-01 Ghent University
  How are future communication networks to cope with ever-increasing traffic demands? Currently, data (e.g. IP packets) handled in the back-bone network is transported optically, yet is switched electronically. Being a demanding and power-consuming process, current switches are becoming the bottleneck in the network. More recent techniques, such as Optical Packet Switching (OPS) and Optical Burst Switching (OBS), can alleviate this problem. In the research community's search for effective architectures, understanding the functioning of optical buffers is crucial.

Tags: Switching		   
whitepaper Evolution, Challenges and Enabling Technologies for Future WDM-Based Optical Access Networks2008-01-01 Stanford University
  Upgrading current-generation Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)-based optical access networks will be a challenge in the future when end-user demand outgrows current network capacity. Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) has been considered as an ideal solution to extend the capacity of optical networks without drastically changing the fiber infrastructure. This paper investigates key issues and review enabling technologies for upgrading current-generation optical access networks with WDM techniques.

Tags: DWDM, Network Administration		   
whitepaper Converged Optical and Wireless Networking - Challenges for Photonics and Electronics2008-01-01 Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering
  Fixed and mobile communications will continue to converge coming years. Amongst other, this is also a goal of the Next Generation Networking initiative adopted by The International Telecommunication Union for the 2005-2008 Study Period. While a general belief is the Internet will support the majority of services, it should be carefully noted to select and separate the services in the network is a necessary condition to assure the Quality of Service and security for the individual ones. This paper proposes to allocate different services with different kinds of traffic and QoS requirements to different wavelengths in a single wavelength-division multiplexed optical network in order do satisfy the requirements of the customer specific to particular service used.

Tags: Quality of Service, Mobile - Wireless Communications		   
whitepaper Fair QoS-Aware Adaptive Routing and Wavelength Assignment in All-Optical Networks2008-01-01 University of Virginia
  In all-optical networks with no wavelength conversion, signals must travel on the same wavelength over possibly very long distances. During transmission, the QoS of signals as measured by their Bit Error Rates is degraded not only by the propagation through fibers, but also by small optical leaks from other signals called crosstalk that occur in the nodes and cannot be removed at the physical layer. This paper presents a set of Routing and Wavelength Assignment algorithms that mitigate the crosstalk effects on all-optical network operation.

Tags: Switching, Quality of Service		   
whitepaper Optical Burst Transport Network (OBTN) - A Novel Architecture for Efficient Transport of Optical Burst Data Over Lambda Grids2008-01-01 University of Stuttgart
  This paper presents a novel network architecture, called Optical Burst Transport Network (OBTN), which can efficiently transport burst data over a virtual topology and reduce the port count of optical burst nodes. In OBTN nodes, bursts from attached optical feeder networks, e. g., metro networks, are multiplexed and transported to their egress OBTN node in one of two ways: preferably on direct end-to-end lightpaths set up between OBTN nodes or alternately on a relatively small number of hop-by-hop overflow burst wavelengths assigned to specific links which are shared among traffic flows.

Tags: Network Design