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 TitleDate AddedCompany
whitepaper Overview of Frame Relay0000-00-00 Data Comm for Business
  Frame relay is a synchronous HDLC protocol based network. Data is sent in HDLC packets, referred to as "frames". The diagram below of an HDLC frame may be familiar, since without adding specific definitions of how the Address, Control and CRC is used, the diagram is applicable to IBM's SDLC, to X.25, to HDLC, to Frame Relay, as well as other protocols.

Tags: Network Technologies, 		  
whitepaper RS232, RS422 and V.35 Interfaces2001-04-04 sangoma.com
  RS-232 has been around as a standard for decades as an electrical interface between Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (DCE) such as modems or DSUs. It appears under different incarnations such as RS-232C, RS-232D, V.24, V.28 or V.10 but essentially all these interfaces are interoperable. RS-232 is used for asynchronous data transfer as well as synchronous links such as SDLC, HDLC, Frame Relay and X.25.

Tags: Network Technologies, Network Technologies		   
whitepaper How the IP Router Works0000-00-00 3Com
  An IP network is configured on each interface where IP packets are received and sent. The interface can be either a local LAN interface or a serial line interface for a wide area network. This paper shows a wide area router (Router 1) connecting two local Ethernet networks (Santa Clara buildings 1 and 2) to two wide area networks (Los Angeles and Santa Barbara). The Los Angeles network is connected by a point-to-point line, and the Santa Barbara network is connected by an X.25 link. Although we show that the wide area ports that connect the Santa Clara network to the Los Angeles network are assigned IP addresses, PPP does not require that you assign an IP address to each wide area port. If you do not want to assign an IP address to a wide area port, you must set the SETDefault -IP NETaddr command to UnNumbered.

Tags: Network Technologies, Internet and Web		   
whitepaper X.25 White Paper2000-12-05 Cisco Systems
  In the 1970s, a set of protocols was needed to provide users with wide-area network (WAN) connectivity across public data networks (PDNs). PDNs such as TELENET and TYMNET had achieved remarkable success, but it was felt that protocol standardization would increase subscription to PDNs by providing improved equipment compatibility and lower cost. The result of the ensuing development effort was a group of protocols, the most popular of which is X.25. X.25 was developed by the common carriers (telephone companies, essentially) rather than any single commercial enterprise. The specification is therefore designed to work well regardless of a user’s system type or manufacturer. Users contract with the common carriers to use their packet-switched networks (PSNs) and are charged based on PSN use. Services offered (and charges levied) are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). One of X.25’s unique attributes is its international nature. X.25 and related protocols are administered by an agency of the United Nations called the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) (formerly CCITT) is the ITU committee responsible for voice and data communications.

Tags: Network Technologies, E-commerce - E-Business		   

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