One company, closely held Audible Magic, has developed ways to identify music files based on how they sound. That can detect a copyrighted song even when users have made changes in the digital music file, the paper said.
EMusic.com and Copyright.net scan files shared by users of systems such as Napster and ask individuals to stop sharing copyrighted works or request that they be removed from the service. Copyright.net Vice President Richard Rose said his company's actions in recent weeks have have knocked 49,000 people off Napster, which drew 14.4 million users in January.
Some of the services point users to authorized sources of the material they want. Others don't threaten privacy because they're overt and direct--by cutting off a download--when enforcing copyrights, the paper said, citing Robert Ellis Smith, editor of the monthly newsletter Privacy Journal.
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